{"id":10555,"date":"2026-09-26T11:34:26","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T10:34:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/"},"modified":"2026-09-26T11:34:26","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T10:34:26","slug":"3-1-2-group-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/","title":{"rendered":"3.1.2 Group 2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"ols-ocr312-page\">\n\n  <aside class=\"ols-sidebar\">\n  <div class=\"ols-sidebar-header\">\n    <h3>Revision Notes<\/h3>\n    <p>A Level Chemistry<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\n    <h4>3.1.2 Group 2<\/h4>\n\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/\">3.1.2 Overview<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/trends-down-groups-1-and-2\/\">Trends Down Groups 1 and 2<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/reactions-of-the-group-1-and-2-elements\/\">Reactions of the Group 1 and 2 Elements<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/oxides-hydroxides-and-carbonates\/\">Oxides, Hydroxides and Carbonates<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/solubility-trends-and-the-sulfate-test\/\">Solubility Trends and the Sulfate Test<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/thermal-stability-and-flame-colours\/\">Thermal Stability and Flame Colours<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\n    <h4>Other Sections<\/h4>\n\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/2-1-5-redox\/\">2.1.5 Redox<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-3-the-halogens\/\">3.1.3 The Halogens<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-4-qualitative-analysis\/\">3.1.4 Qualitative Analysis<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a 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at 24% 18%, rgba(255,255,255,0.46), transparent 24%), linear-gradient(135deg, #f0fdf4 0%, #86efac 45%, #166534 100%); }\n    .ols-ocr312-visual--hi { background: radial-gradient(circle at 24% 18%, rgba(255,255,255,0.46), transparent 24%), linear-gradient(135deg, #fdf4ff 0%, #d8b4fe 45%, #7e22ce 100%); }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <!-- BREADCRUMB BAR -->\n  <div class=\"ols-ocr312-breadcrumb-bar\">\n    <div class=\"ols-ocr312-container\">\n      <nav class=\"ols-ocr312-breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/\">Revision Notes<\/a> \/\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/\">A Level Chemistry<\/a> \/\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/\">OCR<\/a> \/\n          <span>3.1.2 Group 2<\/span>\n        <\/nav>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- INTRO -->\n  <section class=\"ols-ocr312-intro\">\n    <div class=\"ols-ocr312-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-ocr312-intro-inner\">\n        <div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-eyebrow\">OCR A Level Chemistry A<\/div>\n          <h1>3.1.2<br>Group 2<\/h1>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-accent-bar\"><\/div>\n          <p class=\"ols-ocr312-intro-lead\">Section 3.1.2 covers the s\u00b2 outer shell of the Group 2 elements and their redox reactions with oxygen, water and dilute acids, the trend in reactivity explained by the first and second ionisation energies, the action of water on the oxides and the increasing alkalinity of the solutions, and the uses of Group 2 compounds as bases. The solubility and thermal stability pages are revision support that connects this section to 3.1.4.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-grid\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-label\">Exam Paper<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-value\">Paper 1 &amp; 3<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-sub\">H432\/01 and H432\/03<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-label\">Specification Points<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-value\">3.1.2 (a) &#8211; (e)<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-sub\">5 learning outcomes<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-label\">Topic Parts<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-value\">5 pages<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-sub\">Revision notes available<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-label\">Exam Board<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-value\">OCR A<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-info-card-sub\">H432 (2015 onwards)<\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <!-- TOPIC CARDS -->\n  <section class=\"ols-ocr312-topics\">\n    <div class=\"ols-ocr312-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-ocr312-section-header\">\n        <h2 class=\"ols-ocr312-section-title\">Revision Notes<\/h2>\n        <p class=\"ols-ocr312-section-sub\">Work through 3.1.2 Group 2 in a structured sequence.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ols-ocr312-cards-grid\">\n\n        <!-- Card 1: Trends Down Groups 1 and 2 -->\n        <a class=\"ols-ocr312-card ols-ocr312-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/trends-down-groups-1-and-2\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual ols-ocr312-visual--tr\">\n              <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-kicker\">Down the group<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-main\">Group<br>Trends<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>radius, ionisation energy, reactivity<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-num\">1<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-status ols-ocr312-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-title\">Trends Down Groups 1 and 2<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-desc\">The trends down Group 2: atomic radius, ionisation energies, melting points and the increase in reactivity down the group.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 2: Reactions of the Group 1 and 2 Elements -->\n        <a class=\"ols-ocr312-card ols-ocr312-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/reactions-of-the-group-1-and-2-elements\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual ols-ocr312-visual--re\">\n              <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-kicker\">The elements<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-main\">Metal<br>Reactions<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>oxygen, chlorine, water, acids<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-num\">2<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-status ols-ocr312-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-title\">Reactions of the Group 1 and 2 Elements<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-desc\">The reactions of the Group 2 elements with oxygen, chlorine, water, steam and dilute acids, with equations, observations and redox analysis.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 3: Oxides, Hydroxides and Carbonates -->\n        <a class=\"ols-ocr312-card ols-ocr312-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/oxides-hydroxides-and-carbonates\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual ols-ocr312-visual--oh\">\n              <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-kicker\">Bases<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-main\">Oxides and<br>Hydroxides<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>water, acids, pH, uses<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-num\">3<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-status ols-ocr312-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-title\">Oxides, Hydroxides and Carbonates<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-desc\">Group 2 oxides, hydroxides and carbonates: reactions with water and acids, pH trend, and uses of Ca(OH)\u2082, Mg(OH)\u2082 and CaCO\u2083.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 4: Solubility Trends and the Sulfate Test -->\n        <a class=\"ols-ocr312-card ols-ocr312-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/solubility-trends-and-the-sulfate-test\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual ols-ocr312-visual--so\">\n              <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-kicker\">Opposite trends<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-main\">Solubility<br>Trends<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>hydroxides up, sulfates down<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-num\">4<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-status ols-ocr312-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-title\">Solubility Trends and the Sulfate Test<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-desc\">Group 2 solubility trends: hydroxides and sulfates, Mg(OH)\u2082 and BaSO\u2084, the acidified barium chloride test for sulfate ions and barium meals.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 5: Thermal Stability and Flame Colours -->\n        <a class=\"ols-ocr312-card ols-ocr312-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/thermal-stability-and-flame-colours\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual ols-ocr312-visual--ts\">\n              <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-kicker\">Heat and light<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-visual-main\">Thermal<br>Stability<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-ocr312-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>polarisation and flame colours<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-num\">5<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-status ols-ocr312-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-title\">Thermal Stability and Flame Colours<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-ocr312-card-desc\">Thermal stability of Group 1 and 2 nitrates and carbonates, polarisation by the cation, the experiments, and flame colours explained by electron transitions.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-ocr312-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <!-- SPECIFICATION -->\n  <section class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-section\">\n    <div class=\"ols-ocr312-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-wrap\">\n        <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-pill\">Specification Coverage<\/div>\n        <h2 class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-heading\">3.1.2 Group 2 &#8211; OCR A Level Chemistry A<\/h2>\n        <p class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-intro-text\">The following OCR A learning outcomes state what candidates should be able to do. Wording is taken from the OCR A Level Chemistry A (H432) specification.<\/p>\n        <h3 class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-group-title\">3.1.2 Group 2<\/h3>\n        <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-rows\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-row ols-ocr312-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-code\">3.1.2(a)<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-text\">the outer shell s\u00b2 electron configuration and the loss of these electrons in redox reactions to form 2+ ions<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-row ols-ocr312-spec-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-code ols-ocr312-spec-code--mid\">3.1.2(b)<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-text\">the relative reactivities of the Group 2 elements Mg\u2013Ba shown by their redox reactions with:<div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-list\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-code\">i<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-text\">oxygen<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-code\">ii<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-text\">water<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-code\">iii<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-text\">dilute acids<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-row ols-ocr312-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-code\">3.1.2(c)<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-text\">the trend in reactivity in terms of the first and second ionisation energies of Group 2 elements down the group<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-row ols-ocr312-spec-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-code ols-ocr312-spec-code--mid\">3.1.2(d)<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-text\">the action of water on Group 2 oxides and the approximate pH of any resulting solutions, including the trend of increasing alkalinity<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-row ols-ocr312-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-code\">3.1.2(e)<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-text\">uses of some Group 2 compounds as bases, including equations:<div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-list\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-code\">i<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-text\">Ca(OH)\u2082 in agriculture to neutralise acid soils<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-code\">ii<\/div><div class=\"ols-ocr312-spec-sub-text\">Mg(OH)\u2082 and CaCO\u2083 as &#8216;antacids&#8217; in treating indigestion<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n  <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@graph\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"CollectionPage\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/ocr-a\/3-1-2-group-2\/#webpage\",\n      \"url\": 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"parent":7117,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10555","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10555","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10555"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10555\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10555"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}