{"id":10721,"date":"2026-09-26T13:55:15","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T12:55:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/"},"modified":"2026-09-26T13:55:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T12:55:15","slug":"topic-9-kinetics-i","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Topic 9 &#8211; Kinetics I"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"ols-t9k-page\">\n\n  <aside class=\"ols-sidebar\">\n  <div class=\"ols-sidebar-header\">\n    <h3>Revision Notes<\/h3>\n    <p>A Level Chemistry<\/p>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\n    <h4>Topic 9 Kinetics I<\/h4>\n\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/\">Topic 9 Overview<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/collision-theory-and-rates-of-reaction\/\">Collision Theory and Rates of Reaction<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/measuring-and-calculating-rates\/\">Measuring and Calculating Rates<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/maxwell-boltzmann-distribution\/\">The Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann Distribution<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n      <li>\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/catalysts-and-reaction-profiles\/\">Catalysts and Reaction Profiles<\/a>\n      <\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\n    <h4>Other 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rgba(255,255,255,0.46), transparent 24%), linear-gradient(135deg, #fefce8 0%, #facc15 45%, #854d0e 100%); }\n    .ols-t9k-visual--ab { background: radial-gradient(circle at 24% 18%, rgba(255,255,255,0.46), transparent 24%), linear-gradient(135deg, #fdf2f8 0%, #f472b6 45%, #9d174d 100%); }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <!-- BREADCRUMB BAR - sits above everything -->\n  <div class=\"ols-t9k-breadcrumb-bar\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t9k-container\">\n      <nav class=\"ols-t9k-breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/\">Revision Notes<\/a> \/\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/\">A Level Chemistry<\/a> \/\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/\">Edexcel<\/a> \/\n          <span>Topic 9 Kinetics I<\/span>\n        <\/nav>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- INTRO -->\n  <section class=\"ols-t9k-intro\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t9k-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-t9k-intro-inner\">\n        <div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-eyebrow\">Edexcel A Level Chemistry<\/div>\n          <h1>Topic 9<br>Kinetics I<\/h1>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-accent-bar\"><\/div>\n          <p class=\"ols-t9k-intro-lead\">Topic 9 explains how fast reactions go and why: collision theory and activation energy, calculating rates from times and from gradients, the Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann distribution and the effect of temperature, and catalysts, their reaction profiles, heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces and their economic benefits. Kinetics II (rate equations) follows in Topic 16.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ols-t9k-info-grid\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-label\">Exam Paper<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-value\">Paper 2<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-sub\">9CH0\/02<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-label\">Specification Points<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-value\">9.1 &#8211; 9.9<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-sub\">9 points covered<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-label\">Topic Parts<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-value\">4 pages<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-sub\">Revision notes available<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-label\">Exam Board<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-value\">Edexcel<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-info-card-sub\">Pearson 9CH0<\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <!-- TOPIC CARDS -->\n  <section class=\"ols-t9k-topics\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t9k-container\">\n\n      <div class=\"ols-t9k-section-header\">\n        <h2 class=\"ols-t9k-section-title\">Revision Notes<\/h2>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"ols-t9k-cards-grid\">\n\n        <!-- Card 1: Collision Theory and Rates of Reaction -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t9k-card ols-t9k-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/collision-theory-and-rates-of-reaction\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual ols-t9k-visual--ox\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-kicker\">Collision theory<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-main\">Rates of<br>Reaction<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-sub\">E\u2090, concentration, temperature<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-num\">1<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-status ols-t9k-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-title\">Collision Theory and Rates of Reaction<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-desc\">Collision theory: rate of reaction, activation energy, effective collisions and the effects of concentration, pressure, surface area and temperature.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 2: Measuring and Calculating Rates -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t9k-card ols-t9k-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/measuring-and-calculating-rates\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual ols-t9k-visual--tc\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-kicker\">Gradients<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-main\">Measuring<br>Rates<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-sub\">tangents, 1\/t, mol dm\u207b\u00b3 s\u207b\u00b9<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-num\">2<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-status ols-t9k-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-title\">Measuring and Calculating Rates<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-desc\">Measuring rates: mass, gas volume and clock methods, rate = 1\/time, tangents and initial rate on concentration\u2013time graphs.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 3: The Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann Distribution -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t9k-card ols-t9k-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/maxwell-boltzmann-distribution\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual ols-t9k-visual--tr\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-kicker\">Energy spread<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-main\">Maxwell\u2013<br>Boltzmann<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-sub\">temperature, E\u2090, catalyst<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-num\">3<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-status ols-t9k-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-title\">The Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann Distribution<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-desc\">The Maxwell\u2013Boltzmann distribution: shape, activation energy, the effect of temperature and the effect of a catalyst on the proportion of molecules that can react.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 4: Catalysts and Reaction Profiles -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t9k-card ols-t9k-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/catalysts-and-reaction-profiles\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual ols-t9k-visual--ca\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-kicker\">Lower E\u2090<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-main\">Catalysts<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-t9k-visual-sub\">profiles, surfaces, industry<\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-num\">4<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-status ols-t9k-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-title\">Catalysts and Reaction Profiles<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t9k-card-desc\">Catalysts: lower activation energy, reaction profiles with the intermediate, homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, and the economic and environmental benefits.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t9k-card-cta\">Start revising<svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <!-- SPECIFICATION -->\n  <section class=\"ols-t9k-spec-section\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t9k-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-wrap\">\n        <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-pill\">Specification Coverage<\/div>\n        <h2 class=\"ols-t9k-spec-heading\">Topic 9 Kinetics I &#8211; Edexcel A Level Chemistry<\/h2>\n        <p class=\"ols-t9k-spec-intro-text\">The following specification points outline the knowledge and skills students are expected to demonstrate. Wording follows the Edexcel A Level Chemistry (9CH0) specification.<\/p>\n        <h3 class=\"ols-t9k-spec-group-title\">Kinetics I<\/h3>\n        <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-rows\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code\">9.1<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">understand the effect of concentration, temperature, pressure and surface area on rate in terms of collision theory<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code ols-t9k-spec-code--mid\">9.2<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">understand that reactions only take place when collisions take place with sufficient energy, known as activation energy<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code\">9.3<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">be able to calculate the rate of a reaction from:<div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-sub-list\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-sub-code\">i<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-sub-text\">data showing the time taken for reaction<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-sub-code\">ii<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-sub-text\">the gradient of a suitable graph, by drawing a tangent, either for initial rate, or at a time, t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code ols-t9k-spec-code--mid\">9.4<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">understand qualitatively, in terms of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies, how changes in temperature affect the rate of a reaction<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code\">9.5<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">understand the role of catalysts in providing alternative reaction routes of lower activation energy<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code ols-t9k-spec-code--mid\">9.6<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">be able to draw reaction profiles for uncatalysed and catalysed reactions<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code\">9.7<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">be able to interpret the action of a catalyst in terms of a qualitative understanding of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code ols-t9k-spec-code--mid\">9.8<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">understand the use of a solid (heterogeneous) catalyst for industrial reactions, in the gas phase, in terms of providing a surface for the reaction<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-row ols-t9k-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-code\">9.9<\/div><div class=\"ols-t9k-spec-text\">understand the economic benefits of the use of catalysts in industrial reactions<\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@graph\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"CollectionPage\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/#webpage\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-9-kinetics-i\/\",\n      \"name\": \"Topic 9 Kinetics I | Edexcel A Level Chemistry | Online Learning System\",\n      \"description\": \"Edexcel A Level Chemistry Topic 9 Kinetics I revision notes: collision theory and rates of reaction, measuring and calculating rates, the maxwell\u2013boltzmann distribution, catalysts and reaction profiles.\",\n      \"isPartOf\": 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