{"id":4003,"date":"2026-05-21T07:03:18","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T06:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T06:09:50","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T05:09:50","slug":"calculations-with-solutions-and-gases","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/","title":{"rendered":"Calculations with Solutions and Gases"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"ols-revision-page ols-calculations-solutions-gases-landing-page\">\n  <style>\n    .ols-revision-page {\n      --navy: #1C244B;\n      --blue: #2563eb;\n      --soft-blue: #eef4ff;\n      --soft-red: #fff7f7;\n      --soft-purple: #f7f0ff;\n      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{\n      margin: 0;\n      font-size: 14px;\n      color: var(--grey-text);\n    }\n\n    @media (max-width: 1050px) {\n      .ols-revision-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n      .ols-sidebar { position: relative; top: auto; }\n      .ols-topic-list { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }\n      .ols-subtopic-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n      .ols-main { max-width: none; }\n      .ols-related-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }\n    }\n\n    @media (max-width: 760px) {\n      .ols-revision-layout { padding: 14px 12px 44px; }\n      .ols-title-card, .ols-note-card, .ols-related-card, .ols-attribution-card { padding: 24px 18px; border-radius: 22px; }\n      .ols-note-title { align-items: flex-start; }\n      .ols-topic-list, .ols-csg-grid, .ols-related-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n      .ols-subtopic-list { margin-left: 8px; }\n      .ols-author { align-items: flex-start; padding: 22px 18px; border-radius: 22px; }\n      .ols-author-avatar-img { width: 72px; height: 72px; }\n      .ols-author-title { font-size: 24px; }\n      .ols-author-description { font-size: 15px; }\n      .ols-csg-card { min-height: 255px; }\n    }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <aside class=\"ols-sidebar\">\r\n  <div class=\"ols-sidebar-header\">\r\n    <h3>Revision Notes<\/h3>\r\n    <p>A Level Chemistry<\/p>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>Topic 1 Formulae, Equations and Amount of Substance<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/atoms-elements-and-molecules\/\">Atoms, Elements and Molecules<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/equations-and-reaction-types\/\">Equations and Reaction Types<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/equations-and-reaction-types\/writing-chemical-equations\/\">Writing Chemical Equations<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/equations-and-reaction-types\/typical-reactions-of-acids\/\">Typical Reactions of Acids<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/equations-and-reaction-types\/ionic-equations\/\">Ionic Equations<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/\">Mole Calculations<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/comparing-masses-of-substances\/\">Comparing Masses of Substances<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/calculations-involving-moles\/\">Calculations involving Moles<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/calculations-using-reacting-masses\/\">Calculations using Reacting Masses<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/the-yield-of-a-reaction\/\">The Yield of a Reaction<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/atom-economy\/\">Atom Economy<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/empirical-and-molecular-formulae\/\">Empirical and Molecular Formulae<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/empirical-and-molecular-formulae\/empirical-formulae\/\">Empirical Formulae<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/empirical-and-molecular-formulae\/molecular-formulae\/\">Molecular Formulae<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/\">Calculations with Solutions and Gases<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/molar-volume-calculations\/\">Molar Volume Calculations<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/concentrations-of-solutions\/\">Concentrations of Solutions<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/concentrations-in-ppm\/\">Concentrations in PPM<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>Next Topics<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-2-atomic-structure-and-the-periodic-table\/\">Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-3-bonding-structure\/\">Bonding &amp; Structure<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/\">Organic Chemistry &amp; Alkanes<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/aside>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function() {\r\n  function normalisePath(path) {\r\n    return String(path || '')\r\n      .split('?')[0]\r\n      .split('#')[0]\r\n      .replace(\/\\\/+$|\\s+$\/g, '')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function highlightActive() {\r\n    var sidebar = document.querySelector('.ols-sidebar');\r\n    if (!sidebar) return false;\r\n\r\n    var currentPath = normalisePath(window.location.pathname);\r\n    var links = sidebar.querySelectorAll('a[href]');\r\n  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{\r\n          matchedLi.classList.add('parent-active', 'active-main');\r\n          matched.setAttribute('aria-current', 'page');\r\n          matched.setAttribute('tabindex', '-1');\r\n          matched.setAttribute('data-ols-disabled-parent', '1');\r\n        }\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    return true;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  if (!highlightActive()) {\r\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', highlightActive);\r\n  }\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\r\n\n\n  <main class=\"ols-main\">\n      <nav class=\"ols-breadcrumbs\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/\">Revision Notes<\/a> \/\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/\">A Level Chemistry<\/a> \/\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/\">Edexcel International<\/a> \/\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/\">Topic 1 Formulae, Equations and Amount of Substance<\/a> \/\n        <span>Calculations with Solutions and Gases<\/span>\n      <\/nav>\n\n      <header class=\"ols-title-card\">\n        <h1>Calculations with Solutions and Gases<\/h1>\n        <p class=\"ols-page-intro\">Use this landing page to move quickly between the key quantitative chemistry pages for solutions and gases in Topic 1. Each card links to a focused page covering molar volume calculations, solution concentration calculations and concentrations measured in ppm.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"ols-badges\">\n          <div class=\"ols-badge\">Exam board: Edexcel International<\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-badge\">Topic 1: Formulae, Equations and Amount of Substance<\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-badge\">Level: A Level Chemistry<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ols-author\">\n          <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ols-author-avatar-img\" src=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Author-Profile.jpeg\" alt=\"Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah\">\n\n          <div class=\"ols-author-content\">\n            <h2 class=\"ols-author-title\">Written by:<br><span>Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah<\/span><\/h2>\n            <p class=\"ols-author-description\">Chemistry specialist revision notes for A Level Chemistry.<\/p>\n\n            <a class=\"ols-linkedin-pill\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/doctormohammedfatah\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\n              <svg class=\"ols-linkedin-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                <path d=\"M4.98 3.5C4.98 4.88 3.86 6 2.48 6S0 4.88 0 3.5 1.12 1 2.48 1s2.5 1.12 2.5 2.5zM.5 8h4V24h-4V8zm7 0h3.8v2.2h.1c.5-.9 1.8-2.2 3.9-2.2 4.2 0 5 2.8 5 6.4V24h-4v-7.6c0-1.8 0-4.2-2.6-4.2s-3 2-3 4v7.8h-4V8z\"><\/path>\n              <\/svg>\n              View LinkedIn Profile\n            <\/a>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/header>\n\n      <article class=\"ols-note-card soft\">\n        <div class=\"ols-note-title\">\n          <div class=\"ols-note-icon\">1<\/div>\n          <h2>Choose a Calculations with Solutions and Gases Page<\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>Calculations with solutions and gases connect the mole concept to measurable laboratory quantities. These pages build from calculating gas volumes, through using concentration in mol dm<sup>\u22123<\/sup>, to interpreting very small concentrations expressed in parts per million.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"ols-key-box\">\n          <p><strong>Key idea:<\/strong> Quantitative chemistry depends on choosing the correct relationship between amount of substance, volume, concentration and mass, then keeping units consistent throughout the calculation.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ols-csg-grid\">\n          <a class=\"ols-csg-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/molar-volume-calculations\/\">\n            <div class=\"ols-csg-visual\">\n              <div class=\"ols-csg-icon ols-csg-molar\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-label-mini\">gas<\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-box ols-csg-tube\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-bubble g1\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-bubble g2\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-bubble g3\"><\/span>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <h3>Molar Volume Calculations<\/h3>\n            <p>Revise how the amount of gas in moles links to gas volume, including the use of molar gas volume in calculations.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-csg-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n\n          <a class=\"ols-csg-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/concentrations-of-solutions\/\">\n            <div class=\"ols-csg-visual\">\n              <div class=\"ols-csg-icon ols-csg-solution\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-label-mini\">mol dm<sup>\u22123<\/sup><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-box ols-csg-neck\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-box ols-csg-flask\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-dot s1\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-dot s2\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-dot s3\"><\/span>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <h3>Concentrations of Solutions<\/h3>\n            <p>Practise using concentration, volume and amount of substance in mol dm<sup>\u22123<\/sup> calculations.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-csg-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n\n          <a class=\"ols-csg-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/concentrations-in-ppm\/\">\n            <div class=\"ols-csg-visual\">\n              <div class=\"ols-csg-icon ols-csg-ppm\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-box p1\">1<\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-box p2\">10<\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-box p3\">ppm<\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-box p4\">\u00b5<\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-line\"><\/span>\n                <span class=\"ols-csg-label-mini\">parts per million<\/span>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <h3>Concentrations in PPM<\/h3>\n            <p>Learn how ppm is used for very dilute concentrations and how to connect ppm values to mass and volume units.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-csg-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n          <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/article>\n\n      <article class=\"ols-note-card purple\">\n        <div class=\"ols-note-title\">\n          <div class=\"ols-note-icon\">\u2713<\/div>\n          <h2>How to Use These Pages<\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p>Start with molar volume calculations to link gases to amount of substance. Then move to concentrations of solutions, because many titration and practical chemistry questions require confident use of concentration and volume. Finally, use the ppm page to handle dilute solutions, trace pollutants and very small concentration values.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"ols-key-box\">\n          <p><strong>Exam focus:<\/strong> Always check units before substituting numbers. Volumes may need converting between cm<sup>3<\/sup> and dm<sup>3<\/sup>, and concentration calculations depend on whether the question is using mol dm<sup>\u22123<\/sup>, g dm<sup>\u22123<\/sup> or ppm.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/article>\n\n      <section class=\"ols-related-card\">\n        <h2>Related Topic 1 Pages<\/h2>\n        <p>Use these pages to connect calculations with solutions and gases to mole calculations, equations, formulae and amount of substance revision.<\/p>\n\n        <div class=\"ols-related-grid\">\n          <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/\">Mole Calculations<\/a>\n          <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/calculations-involving-moles\/\">Calculations involving Moles<\/a>\n          <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/mole-calculations\/calculations-using-reacting-masses\/\">Calculations using Reacting Masses<\/a>\n          <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/equations-and-reaction-types\/\">Equations and Reaction Types<\/a>\n          <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/empirical-and-molecular-formulae\/\">Empirical and Molecular Formulae<\/a>\n          <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-2-atomic-structure-and-the-periodic-table\/\">Next Topic: Atomic Structure &amp; The Periodic Table<\/a>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/section>\n\n      <section class=\"ols-attribution-card\">\n        <p><strong>Copyright notice:<\/strong> This revision page, including its written explanations, layout and teaching sequence, is produced for Online Learning System by Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah. It is intended for student revision and may not be copied, redistributed or republished without permission.<\/p>\n      <\/section>\n\n      <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n      {\n        \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n        \"@graph\": [\n          {\n            \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/#webpage\",\n            \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/\",\n            \"name\": \"Calculations with Solutions and Gases Revision Notes\",\n            \"description\": \"A Level Chemistry landing page for calculations with solutions and gases, including molar volume calculations, concentrations of solutions and concentrations in ppm.\",\n            \"inLanguage\": \"en-GB\",\n            \"isPartOf\": {\n              \"@type\": \"WebSite\",\n              \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/#website\",\n              \"name\": \"Online Learning System\",\n              \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/\"\n            },\n            \"about\": [\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n                \"name\": \"Molar volume calculations\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n                \"name\": \"Concentrations of solutions\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n                \"name\": \"Concentrations in ppm\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n                \"name\": \"Amount of substance calculations\"\n              }\n            ],\n            \"author\": {\n              \"@type\": \"Person\",\n              \"name\": \"Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah\",\n              \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/doctormohammedfatah\/\"\n            },\n            \"publisher\": {\n              \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n              \"name\": \"Online Learning System\",\n              \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/\"\n            }\n          },\n          {\n            \"@type\": \"BreadcrumbList\",\n            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/#breadcrumb\",\n            \"itemListElement\": [\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n                \"position\": 1,\n                \"name\": \"Revision Notes\",\n                \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n                \"position\": 2,\n                \"name\": \"A Level Chemistry\",\n                \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n                \"position\": 3,\n                \"name\": \"Edexcel International\",\n                \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n                \"position\": 4,\n                \"name\": \"Topic 1 Formulae, Equations and Amount of Substance\",\n                \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/\"\n              },\n              {\n                \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n                \"position\": 5,\n                \"name\": \"Calculations with Solutions and Gases\",\n                \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-1-formulae-equations-and-amount-of-substance\/calculations-with-solutions-and-gases\/\"\n              }\n            ]\n          }\n        ]\n      }\n      <\/script>\n    <\/main>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Revision Notes \/ A Level Chemistry \/ Edexcel International \/ Topic 1 Formulae, Equations and Amount of Substance \/ Calculations with Solutions and Gases Calculations with Solutions and Gases Use this landing page to move quickly between the key quantitative chemistry pages for solutions and gases in Topic 1. 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