{"id":4345,"date":"2026-05-26T07:17:28","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T06:17:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/?page_id=4345"},"modified":"2026-05-26T08:50:16","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T07:50:16","slug":"organic-chemistry","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction To Organic Chemistry"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"ols-revision-page ols-introduction-organic-chemistry-landing-page\">\n  <style>\n    .ols-revision-page {\n      --navy: #1C244B;\n      --blue: #2563eb;\n      --soft-blue: #eef4ff;\n      --soft-red: #fff7f7;\n      --soft-purple: #f7f0ff;\n      --soft-green: #f0f7f1;\n      --soft-orange: #fff7ed;\n      --gold: #c9973a;\n      --grey-text: #667085;\n      --body-text: #1f2937;\n      --border: rgba(28, 36, 75, 0.14);\n      --shadow: 0 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<h3>Revision Notes<\/h3>\r\n    <p>A Level Chemistry<\/p>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>Topic 4 Organic Chemistry &amp; Alkanes<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/hazard-and-risk\/\">Hazard &amp; Risk<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/\">Introduction To Organic Chemistry<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/iupac-rules\/\">IUPAC Rules<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/alkene\/\">Alkene<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/alcohol\/\">Alcohol<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/halogenoalkanes\/\">Halogenoalkanes<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/aldehyde\/\">Aldehyde<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/ketone\/\">Ketone<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/carboxylic-acid\/\">Carboxylic Acid<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/ester\/\">Ester<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/isomerism\/\">Isomerism<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/crude-oil\/\">Alkanes from Crude Oil<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/crude-oil\/fractional-distillation\/\">Fractional Distillation<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/crude-oil\/cracking\/\">Cracking<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/crude-oil\/reforming\/\">Reforming<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/fuel\/\">Alkanes as Fuel<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/fuel\/combustion\/\">Combustion<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/fuel\/oxides-of-sulfur\/\">Oxides of Sulfur<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/fuel\/oxides-of-nitrogen\/\">Oxides of Nitrogen<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/fuel\/catalytic-converter\/\">Catalytic Converter<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/alternative-fuel\/\">Alternative Fuel<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/reactions\/\">Reactions of Alkanes<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/reactions\/free-radical-substitution\/\">Free Radical Substitution<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/reactions\/initiation\/\">Initiation<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/reactions\/propagation\/\">Propagation<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/reactions\/termination\/\">Termination<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/reactions\/further-substitution\/\">Further Substitution<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>Next Topics<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-5-alkenes\/\">Alkenes<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-6-energetics\/\">Energetics<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-7-intermolecular-forces\/\">Intermolecular Forces<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/aside>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function() {\r\n  function normalisePath(path) {\r\n    return String(path || '')\r\n      .split('?')[0]\r\n      .split('#')[0]\r\n      .replace(\/\\\/+$\/, '')\r\n      .toLowerCase();\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  function highlightActive() {\r\n    var sidebar = document.querySelector('.ols-sidebar');\r\n    if (!sidebar) return false;\r\n\r\n    var currentPath = normalisePath(window.location.pathname);\r\n    var links = sidebar.querySelectorAll('a[href]');\r\n    var matched = null;\r\n    var matchedLength = 0;\r\n\r\n    sidebar.querySelectorAll('.active, 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href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/\">Topic 4 Organic Chemistry &amp; Alkanes<\/a> \/\n      <span>Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/span>\n    <\/nav>\n\n    <header class=\"ols-title-card\">\n      <h1>Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/h1>\n      <p class=\"ols-page-intro\">Use this landing page to move quickly between the main introductory organic chemistry revision pages for Topic 4. Each card links to a focused page covering organic nomenclature and the key functional groups students need to recognise before studying reactions in more detail.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"ols-badges\">\n        <div class=\"ols-badge\">Exam board: Edexcel International<\/div>\n        <div class=\"ols-badge\">Topic 4: Organic Chemistry &amp; Alkanes<\/div>\n        <div class=\"ols-badge\">Level: A Level Chemistry<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"ols-author\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"ols-author-avatar-img\" src=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Author-Profile.jpeg\" alt=\"Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah\">\n\n        <div class=\"ols-author-content\">\n          <h2 class=\"ols-author-title\">Written by:<br><span>Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah<\/span><\/h2>\n          <p class=\"ols-author-description\">Chemistry specialist revision notes for A Level Chemistry.<\/p>\n\n          <a class=\"ols-linkedin-pill\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/doctormohammedfatah\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\n            <svg class=\"ols-linkedin-icon\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <path d=\"M4.98 3.5C4.98 4.88 3.86 6 2.48 6S0 4.88 0 3.5 1.12 1 2.48 1s2.5 1.12 2.5 2.5zM.5 8h4V24h-4V8zm7 0h3.8v2.2h.1c.5-.9 1.8-2.2 3.9-2.2 4.2 0 5 2.8 5 6.4V24h-4v-7.6c0-1.8 0-4.2-2.6-4.2s-3 2-3 4v7.8h-4V8z\"><\/path>\n            <\/svg>\n            View LinkedIn Profile\n          <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/header>\n\n    <article class=\"ols-note-card soft\">\n      <div class=\"ols-note-title\">\n        <div class=\"ols-note-icon\">1<\/div>\n        <h2>Choose an Introduction to Organic Chemistry Page<\/h2>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <p>Organic chemistry begins with recognising carbon-based molecules, naming structures accurately and identifying functional groups. These pages separate the core naming rules and common functional groups so that students can revise each family clearly before applying them to reactions, mechanisms and synthesis.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"ols-key-box\">\n        <p><strong>Key idea:<\/strong> The functional group controls the chemical behaviour of an organic molecule. Naming rules help you communicate the carbon chain, substituents and functional group position precisely.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"ols-ert-grid\">\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/iupac-rules\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-iupac\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-chain\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-label-mini\">IUPAC<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>IUPAC Rules<\/h3>\n          <p>Revise how to name organic compounds by identifying the longest carbon chain, functional group, substituents and position numbers.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/alkene\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-alkene\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-bond\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-label-mini\">C=C<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Alkene<\/h3>\n          <p>Learn how alkenes are identified by the carbon-carbon double bond and why this functional group leads to addition reactions.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/alcohol\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-alcohol\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-chain\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-oatom\">OH<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Alcohol<\/h3>\n          <p>Revise alcohols as organic compounds containing the hydroxyl group and connect their structure to naming and classification.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/halogenoalkanes\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-halogenoalkane\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-chain\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-halo\">X<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Halogenoalkane<\/h3>\n          <p>Review halogenoalkanes as compounds containing a carbon-halogen bond, including how halogen substituents appear in names.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/aldehyde\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-carbonyl-card\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-chain\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-carbonyl\">CHO<\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-label-mini\">terminal<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Aldehyde<\/h3>\n          <p>Learn how aldehydes contain a terminal carbonyl group and how this affects naming and structural formulae.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/ketone\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-carbonyl-card\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-chain\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-carbonyl\">C=O<\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-label-mini\">middle<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Ketone<\/h3>\n          <p>Revise ketones as carbonyl compounds where the C=O group is within the carbon chain rather than at the end.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/carboxylic-acid\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-carboxylic\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-chain\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-carbonyl\">CO<\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-oatom\">OH<\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-label-mini\">COOH<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Carboxylic Acid<\/h3>\n          <p>Review carboxylic acids as compounds containing the carboxyl group, including the COOH structure and acid naming pattern.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-ert-card\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/ester\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-ert-visual\">\n            <div class=\"ols-ert-icon ols-ert-ester\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-chain\"><\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-carbonyl\">CO<\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-esterbridge\">O\u2013R<\/span>\n              <span class=\"ols-ert-label-mini\">ester<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Ester<\/h3>\n          <p>Learn how esters are recognised from the COO linkage and how their names are built from the alcohol and carboxylic acid parts.<\/p>\n          <span class=\"ols-ert-meta\">Open revision page<\/span>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/article>\n\n    <article class=\"ols-note-card purple\">\n      <div class=\"ols-note-title\">\n        <div class=\"ols-note-icon\">\u2713<\/div>\n        <h2>How to Use These Pages<\/h2>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <p>Start with the IUPAC rules page to secure the naming system. Then move through each functional group family and focus on the part of the molecule that makes that family chemically distinctive. For each page, practise drawing the displayed formula, identifying the functional group and naming simple examples.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"ols-key-box\">\n        <p><strong>Exam focus:<\/strong> Be able to recognise a functional group from a structural formula, give the correct family name and apply IUPAC naming rules without confusing similar groups such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and esters.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/article>\n\n    <section class=\"ols-related-card\">\n      <h2>Related Topic 4 Pages<\/h2>\n      <p>Use these pages to connect introductory organic chemistry with isomerism, crude oil chemistry, fuels and alkane reactions.<\/p>\n\n      <div class=\"ols-related-grid\">\n        <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/hazard-and-risk\/\">Hazard &amp; Risk<\/a>\n        <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/isomerism\/\">Isomerism<\/a>\n        <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/crude-oil\/\">Alkanes from Crude Oil<\/a>\n        <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/fuel\/\">Alkanes as Fuel<\/a>\n        <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/reactions\/\">Reactions of Alkanes<\/a>\n        <a class=\"ols-related-item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-5-alkenes\/\">Next Topic: Alkenes<\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    <section class=\"ols-attribution-card\">\n      <p><strong>Copyright notice:<\/strong> This revision page, including its written explanations, layout and teaching sequence, is produced for Online Learning System by Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah. It is intended for student revision and may not be copied, redistributed or republished without permission.<\/p>\n    <\/section>\n\n    <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n    {\n      \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n      \"@graph\": [\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n          \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/#webpage\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/\",\n          \"name\": \"Introduction to Organic Chemistry Revision Notes\",\n          \"description\": \"A Level Chemistry landing page for introduction to organic chemistry, including IUPAC naming rules and the key functional groups: alkenes, alcohols, halogenoalkanes, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and esters.\",\n          \"inLanguage\": \"en-GB\",\n          \"isPartOf\": {\n            \"@type\": \"WebSite\",\n            \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/#website\",\n            \"name\": \"Online Learning System\",\n            \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/\"\n          },\n          \"about\": [\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"Organic chemistry\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"IUPAC nomenclature\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"Functional groups\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"Alkenes\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"Alcohols\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"Halogenoalkanes\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"Carbonyl compounds\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n              \"name\": \"Carboxylic acids and esters\"\n            }\n          ],\n          \"author\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Person\",\n            \"name\": \"Dr. Mohammed Al-Fatah\",\n            \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/doctormohammedfatah\/\"\n          },\n          \"publisher\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n            \"name\": \"Online Learning System\",\n            \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"BreadcrumbList\",\n          \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/#breadcrumb\",\n          \"itemListElement\": [\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n              \"position\": 1,\n              \"name\": \"Revision Notes\",\n              \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n              \"position\": 2,\n              \"name\": \"A Level Chemistry\",\n              \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n              \"position\": 3,\n              \"name\": \"Edexcel International\",\n              \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n              \"position\": 4,\n              \"name\": \"Topic 4 Organic Chemistry & Alkanes\",\n              \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/\"\n            },\n            {\n              \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n              \"position\": 5,\n              \"name\": \"Introduction to Organic Chemistry\",\n              \"item\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel-international\/topic-4-organic-chemistry-and-alkanes\/organic-chemistry\/\"\n            }\n          ]\n        }\n      ]\n    }\n    <\/script>\n  <\/main>\n<\/section>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Revision Notes \/ A Level Chemistry \/ Edexcel International \/ Topic 4 Organic Chemistry &amp; Alkanes \/ Introduction to Organic Chemistry Introduction to Organic Chemistry Use this landing page to move quickly between the main introductory organic chemistry revision pages for Topic 4. 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