{"id":4692,"date":"2026-06-01T12:06:14","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T11:06:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/"},"modified":"2026-10-22T23:57:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T22:57:59","slug":"introduction-to-organic-chemistry","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to Organic Chemistry"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"ols-t6-page\">\n\n  <aside class=\"ols-sidebar\">\r\n  <div class=\"ols-sidebar-header\">\r\n    <h3>Revision Notes<\/h3>\r\n    <p>A Level Chemistry<\/p>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>Topic 6 Organic Chemistry I<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/iupac-rules\/\">IUPAC Rules<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/alkene\/\">Alkene<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/alcohol\/\">Alcohol<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/halogenoalkanes\/\">Halogenoalkanes<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/aldehyde\/\">Aldehyde<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/ketone\/\">Ketone<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/carboxylic-acid\/\">Carboxylic Acid<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/ester\/\">Ester<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/isomerism\/\">Isomerism<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/\">Alkanes<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/crude-oil\/\">Alkanes from Crude Oil<\/a>\r\n\r\n            <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/crude-oil\/fractional-distillation\/\">Fractional Distillation<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/crude-oil\/cracking\/\">Cracking<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/crude-oil\/reforming\/\">Reforming<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/fuel\/\">Alkanes as Fuel<\/a>\r\n\r\n            <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/fuel\/combustion\/\">Combustion<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/fuel\/oxides-of-sulfur\/\">Oxides of Sulfur<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/fuel\/oxides-of-nitrogen\/\">Oxides of Nitrogen<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/fuel\/catalytic-converter\/\">Catalytic Converter<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/alternative-fuel\/\">Alternative Fuel<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/reactions\/\">Reactions of Alkanes<\/a>\r\n\r\n            <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/reactions\/free-radical-substitution\/\">Free Radical Substitution<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/reactions\/initiation\/\">Initiation<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/reactions\/propagation\/\">Propagation<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/reactions\/termination\/\">Termination<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkanes\/reactions\/further-substitution\/\">Further Substitution<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/\">Alkenes<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/alkene-bonding\/\">Alkene Bonding<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/geometric-isomerism\/\">Geometric Isomerism<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/electrophilic-addition-mechanism\/\">Electrophilic Addition Mechanism<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/reactions-of-alkenes\/\">Reactions of Alkenes<\/a>\r\n\r\n            <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/reactions-of-alkenes\/halogens\/\">Halogens<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/reactions-of-alkenes\/hydrogen-halide\/\">Hydrogen Halide<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/reactions-of-alkenes\/bromine-water\/\">Bromine Water<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/reactions-of-alkenes\/hydrogen\/\">Hydrogen<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/reactions-of-alkenes\/steam\/\">Steam<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n              <li>\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/reactions-of-alkenes\/kmno4\/\">KMnO4<\/a>\r\n              <\/li>\r\n            <\/ul>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/polymerisation-reactions\/\">Polymerisation Reactions<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alkenes\/polymer-waste\/\">Polymer Waste<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/halogenoalkanes\/\">Halogenoalkanes<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/alcohols\/\">Alcohols<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>Next Topics<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-7-modern-analytical-techniques-i\/\">Topic 7 Modern Analytical Techniques I<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-5-formulae-equations-and-amounts-of-substance\/\">Topic 5 Formulae, Equations &amp; Amounts<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-4-inorganic-chemistry-and-the-periodic-table\/\">Topic 4 Inorganic Chemistry &amp; The Periodic Table<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n<\/aside>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function() {\r\n  function normalisePath(path) {\r\n    return String(path || '')\r\n      .split('?')[0]\r\n      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24px 0 52px;\n      }\n\n      .ols-t6-topics {\n        padding: 52px 0 58px;\n      }\n\n      .ols-t6-cards-grid,\n      .ols-t6-tree-grid {\n        grid-template-columns: 1fr;\n        gap: 14px;\n      }\n\n      .ols-t6-spec-section {\n        padding: 52px 0 64px;\n      }\n\n      .ols-t6-spec-wrap {\n        padding: 24px 18px;\n        border-radius: 20px;\n      }\n\n      .ols-t6-info-grid {\n        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;\n      }\n    }\n\n  <\/style>\n\n  <!-- BREADCRUMB BAR - sits above everything -->\n  <div class=\"ols-t6-breadcrumb-bar\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t6-container\">\n      <nav class=\"ols-t6-breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/\">Revision Notes<\/a> \/\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/\">A Level Chemistry<\/a> \/\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/\">Edexcel<\/a> \/\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/\">Topic 6 Organic Chemistry I<\/a> \/\n      <span>Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/span>\n<\/nav>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- INTRO -->\n  <section class=\"ols-t6-intro\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t6-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-t6-intro-inner\">\n        <div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-eyebrow\">Edexcel A Level Chemistry<\/div>\n          <h1>Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/h1>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-accent-bar\"><\/div>\n          <p class=\"ols-t6-intro-lead\">\n            Organic chemistry begins with recognising carbon-based molecules, naming structures accurately, identifying isomerism and recognising functional groups. These pages separate the core naming rules, isomerism and common functional groups so that students can revise each area clearly before applying them to reactions, mechanisms and synthesis.\n          <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ols-t6-info-grid\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-label\">Exam Papers<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-value\">Paper 2<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-sub\">9CH0\/02<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-label\">Specification Points<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-value\">6.1 &#8211; 6.6<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-sub\">5 points covered<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-label\">Sub-topics<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-value\">9 lessons<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-sub\">Revision notes available<\/div><\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-label\">Exam Board<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-value\">Edexcel<\/div><div class=\"ols-t6-info-card-sub\">Pearson 9CH0<\/div><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <!-- TOPIC CARDS -->\n  <section class=\"ols-t6-topics\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t6-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-t6-section-header\">\n        <h2 class=\"ols-t6-section-title\">Revision Notes<\/h2>\n        <p class=\"ols-t6-section-sub\">Work through each part of Edexcel Topic 6 in a structured sequence.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ols-t6-cards-grid\">\n\n        <!-- Card 1: IUPAC Rules -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/iupac-rules\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--covalent\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">IUPAC Rules<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">longest chain, functional group, numbering<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">1<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">IUPAC Rules<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Revise how to name organic compounds by identifying the longest carbon chain, functional group, substituents and position numbers.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 2: Alkene -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/alkene\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--slate\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Alkene<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">the C=C functional group<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">2<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Alkene<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Learn how alkenes are identified by the carbon-carbon double bond and why this functional group leads to addition reactions.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 3: Alcohol -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/alcohol\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--shape\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Alcohol<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">the hydroxyl group, \u2212OH<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">3<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Alcohol<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Revise alcohols as organic compounds containing the hydroxyl group and connect their structure to naming and classification.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 4: Halogenoalkanes -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/halogenoalkanes\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--amber\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Halogenoalkanes<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">carbon-halogen bonds, C\u2212X<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">4<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Halogenoalkanes<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Review halogenoalkanes as compounds containing a carbon-halogen bond, including how halogen substituents appear in names.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 5: Aldehyde -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/aldehyde\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--teal\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Aldehyde<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">carbonyl group at the end of a chain<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">5<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Aldehyde<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Learn how aldehydes contain a terminal carbonyl group and how this affects naming and structural formulae.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 6: Ketone -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/ketone\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--covalent\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Ketone<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">carbonyl group within a chain<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">6<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Ketone<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Revise ketones as carbonyl compounds where the C=O group is within the carbon chain rather than at the end.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 7: Carboxylic Acid -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/carboxylic-acid\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--slate\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Carboxylic Acid<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">the carboxyl group, \u2212COOH<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">7<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Carboxylic Acid<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Review carboxylic acids as compounds containing the carboxyl group, including the COOH structure and acid naming pattern.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 8: Ester -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/ester\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--shape\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Ester<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">the ester link, \u2212COO\u2212<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">8<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Ester<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Learn how esters are recognised from the COO linkage and how their names are built from the alcohol and carboxylic acid parts.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <!-- Card 9: Isomerism -->\n        <a class=\"ols-t6-card ols-t6-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/isomerism\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-visual ols-t6-visual--amber\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-panel\">\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-kicker\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-main\">Isomerism<\/div>\n                  <div class=\"ols-t6-visual-sub\">same molecular formula, different structure<\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-t6-card-num\">9<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-title\">Isomerism<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-t6-card-desc\">Revise how compounds can have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms, including structural and stereoisomerism.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-t6-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <!-- SPECIFICATION SECTION -->\n  <!-- OLS-SMAP -->\n<style>\r\n.ols-smap{--sm-navy:#1C244B;--sm-blue:#467FF7;--sm-teal:#0f8b8d;--sm-muted:#5f6b84;--sm-border:#e3e8f2;margin:44px auto 8px;max-width:1140px;padding:0 20px;font-family:inherit}\r\n.ols-smap-head{display:flex;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 18px}\r\n.ols-smap-head h2{font-size:clamp(22px,2.6vw,28px);font-weight:800;color:var(--sm-navy);margin:0;letter-spacing:-.01em}\r\n.ols-smap-head p{margin:0;color:var(--sm-muted);font-size:14px}\r\n.ols-smap-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(100%,460px),1fr));gap:20px}\r\n.ols-smap-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:150px 1fr;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--sm-border);border-radius:22px;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 10px 28px rgba(28,36,75,.08);transition:transform .28s cubic-bezier(.34,1.56,.64,1),box-shadow .28s ease,border-color .28s ease}\r\n.ols-smap-card:hover{transform:translateY(-6px);box-shadow:0 24px 48px rgba(28,36,75,.14);border-color:rgba(70,127,247,.35)}\r\n.ols-smap-vis{background:linear-gradient(160deg,#1C244B 0%,#2d3c7a 100%);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:14px}\r\n.ols-smap-vis svg{width:100%;max-width:118px;height:auto;display:block}\r\n.ols-smap-body{padding:18px 20px 20px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:6px;min-width:0}\r\n.ols-smap-kicker{font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--sm-teal)}\r\n.ols-smap-title{font-size:17px;font-weight:800;color:var(--sm-navy);margin:0;line-height:1.25}\r\n.ols-smap-board{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--sm-muted);margin:0}\r\n.ols-smap-desc{font-size:14px;color:#33405e;margin:4px 0 0;line-height:1.5}\r\n.ols-smap-row{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:10px}\r\n.ols-smap-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;background:var(--sm-navy);color:#fff !important;text-decoration:none !important;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;padding:10px 18px;border-radius:999px;transition:background .2s ease,transform .2s ease}\r\n.ols-smap-btn:hover{background:var(--sm-blue);transform:translateY(-1px)}\r\n.ols-smap-btn svg{width:16px;height:16px}\r\n.ols-smap-meta{font-size:12px;color:var(--sm-muted)}\r\n.ols-smap-note{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--sm-muted);margin:14px 0 0;text-align:center}\r\n@media (max-width:560px){.ols-smap{padding:0 16px;margin-top:32px}.ols-smap-card{grid-template-columns:76px 1fr}.ols-smap-vis{padding:8px}.ols-smap-vis svg{max-width:60px}.ols-smap-body{padding:14px 14px 16px}.ols-smap-title{font-size:16px}.ols-smap-desc{font-size:13.5px}.ols-smap-btn{padding:9px 15px;font-size:13.5px}}\r\n<\/style><section class=\"ols-smap\" aria-label=\"Summary map\"><div class=\"ols-smap-head\"><h2>Summary map<\/h2><p>Download, print and revise the key facts of this topic at a glance.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"ols-smap-grid\"><article class=\"ols-smap-card\"><div class=\"ols-smap-vis\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 120 120\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><g fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#ffffff\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"><circle cx=\"60\" cy=\"60\" r=\"17\"\/><path d=\"M60 43V20M60 77v23M43 60H20M77 60h23M48 48 32 32M72 48l16-16M48 72 32 88M72 72l16 16\"\/><\/g><g fill=\"#ffffff\"><path d=\"M60 16l-4 7h8zM60 104l-4-7h8zM16 60l7-4v8zM104 60l-7-4v8zM29 29l2.5 7.5 5-5zM91 29l-7.5 2.5 5 5zM29 91l7.5-2.5-5-5zM91 91l-2.5-7.5-5 5z\"\/><\/g><g fill=\"#5fd0c9\"><circle cx=\"60\" cy=\"11\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"109\" cy=\"60\" r=\"3\"\/><\/g><g fill=\"#f2c14e\"><circle cx=\"11\" cy=\"60\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"96\" cy=\"96\" r=\"3\"\/><\/g><g fill=\"#9db8ff\"><circle cx=\"24\" cy=\"24\" r=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"60\" cy=\"109\" r=\"3\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/div><div class=\"ols-smap-body\"><span class=\"ols-smap-kicker\">Summary map \u00b7 PDF<\/span><p class=\"ols-smap-title\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry Map<\/p><p class=\"ols-smap-board\">Edexcel A Level Chemistry \u00b7 Topic 6A Introduction to Organic Chemistry<\/p><p class=\"ols-smap-desc\">The whole section on one A4 page: types of formula, homologous series, naming, isomers, bond breaking, the seven reaction types and a table of the functional groups.<\/p><div class=\"ols-smap-row\"><a class=\"ols-smap-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/ols-maps\/map-dom-6a-intro.pdf\" download rel=\"nofollow\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M8 2v8M4.5 6.5 8 10l3.5-3.5M3 13h10\"\/><\/svg>Download the map<\/a><span class=\"ols-smap-meta\">6 key ideas + 8 functional groups \u00b7 A4 portrait \u00b7 print ready<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/div><p class=\"ols-smap-note\">\u00a9 2026 Online Learning System. For personal study: printing is allowed; editing, copying and redistribution are not.<\/p><\/section>\n<!-- \/OLS-SMAP -->\n<section class=\"ols-t6-spec-section\">\n    <div class=\"ols-t6-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-desktop\">\n        <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-wrap\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-pill\">Specification Coverage<\/div>\n          <h2 class=\"ols-t6-spec-heading\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry &#8211; Edexcel A Level Chemistry<\/h2>\n          <p class=\"ols-t6-spec-intro-text\">The following specification points outline the knowledge and skills students are expected to demonstrate for Topic 6.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"ols-t6-spec-group-title\">6A: Introduction to organic chemistry<\/h3>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-rows\">\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-row ols-t6-spec-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-code ols-t6-spec-code--dark\">6.1<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-text\">know that a hydrocarbon is a compound of hydrogen and carbon only<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-row ols-t6-spec-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-code ols-t6-spec-code--dark\">6.2<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-text\">be able to represent organic molecules using empirical formulae, molecular formulae, general formulae, structural formulae, displayed formulae and skeletal formulae<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-row ols-t6-spec-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-code ols-t6-spec-code--dark\">6.3<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-text\">know what is meant by the terms homologous series and functional group<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-row ols-t6-spec-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-code ols-t6-spec-code--dark\">6.4<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-text\">be able to name compounds relevant to this specification using the rules of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, IUPAC, nomenclature. Students will be expected to know prefixes for compounds up to C<sub>10<\/sub>.<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-row ols-t6-spec-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-code ols-t6-spec-code--dark\">6.6<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-text\">understand the term structural isomerism and determine the possible structural, displayed and skeletal formulae of an organic molecule, given its molecular formula<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mobile\">\n        <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-wrap\">\n          <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-pill\">Specification Coverage<\/div>\n          <h2 class=\"ols-t6-spec-heading\">Introduction to Organic Chemistry &#8211; Edexcel A Level Chemistry<\/h2>\n          <p class=\"ols-t6-spec-intro-text\">The following specification points outline the knowledge and skills students are expected to demonstrate for Topic 6.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"ols-t6-spec-group-title\">6A: Introduction to organic chemistry<\/h3>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-rows\">\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-row ols-t6-spec-mob-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-code\">6.1<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-text\">know that a hydrocarbon is a compound of hydrogen and carbon only<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-row ols-t6-spec-mob-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-code\">6.2<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-text\">be able to represent organic molecules using empirical formulae, molecular formulae, general formulae, structural formulae, displayed formulae and skeletal formulae<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-row ols-t6-spec-mob-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-code\">6.3<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-text\">know what is meant by the terms homologous series and functional group<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-row ols-t6-spec-mob-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-code\">6.4<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-text\">be able to name compounds relevant to this specification using the rules of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, IUPAC, nomenclature. Students will be expected to know prefixes for compounds up to C<sub>10<\/sub>.<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n<div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-row ols-t6-spec-mob-row--light\">\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-code\">6.6<\/div>\n              <div class=\"ols-t6-spec-mob-text\">understand the term structural isomerism and determine the possible structural, displayed and skeletal formulae of an organic molecule, given its molecular formula<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@graph\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/edexcel\/topic-6-organic-chemistry-i\/introduction-to-organic-chemistry\/#webpage\",\n      \"url\": 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