{"id":5278,"date":"2026-06-19T04:55:08","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T03:55:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/"},"modified":"2026-06-24T08:56:41","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T07:56:41","slug":"chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemical Equations and Reacting Masses"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-page\">\n\n  <aside class=\"ols-sidebar\">\r\n  <div class=\"ols-sidebar-header\">\r\n    <h3>Revision Notes<\/h3>\r\n    <p>AQA A Level Chemistry<\/p>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>3.1.2 Amount of Substance<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/relative-masses\/\">Relative Masses<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/the-mole-and-avogadro-constant\/\">The Mole and Avogadro Constant<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/empirical-and-molecular-formulae\/\">Empirical and Molecular Formulae<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/empirical-and-molecular-formulae\/empirical-formula\/\">Empirical Formula<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/empirical-and-molecular-formulae\/molecular-formula\/\">Molecular Formula<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/\">Chemical Equations and Reacting Masses<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/writing-chemical-equations\/\">Writing Chemical Equations<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/ionic-equations\/\">Ionic Equations<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/calculations-using-reacting-masses\/\">Calculations Using Reacting Masses<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/concentration-and-titration-calculations\/\">Concentration and Titration Calculations<\/a>\r\n\r\n        <ul class=\"ols-subtopic-list\">\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/concentration-and-titration-calculations\/concentrations-of-solutions\/\">Concentrations of Solutions<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n          <li>\r\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/concentration-and-titration-calculations\/titration-calculations\/\">Titration Calculations<\/a>\r\n          <\/li>\r\n        <\/ul>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/gas-volumes-and-the-ideal-gas-equation\/\">Gas Volumes and the Ideal Gas Equation<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/percentage-yield\/\">Percentage Yield<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/atom-economy\/\">Atom Economy<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n    <\/ul>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <div class=\"ols-topic-group\">\r\n    <h4>Adjacent Topics<\/h4>\r\n\r\n    <ul class=\"ols-topic-list\">\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-1-atomicstructure\/\">3.1.1 Atomic Structure<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-3-bonding\/\">3.1.3 Bonding<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-4-energetics\/\">3.1.4 Energetics<\/a>\r\n      <\/li>\r\n      <li>\r\n        <a 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font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b3b58; }\n\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-rows { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row { border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row--light { background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid rgba(168, 85, 247, 0.18); }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row--mid { background: #f5f0ff; border: 1px solid rgba(168, 85, 247, 0.22); }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-code { background: #3b0764; color: #ffffff; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 800; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px; }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-code--mid { background: #581c87; }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-text { padding: 16px 18px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #3f314c; }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 9px; margin-top: 10px; }\n    .ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row { background: #ffffff; border: 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1fr 1fr; }\n    }\n  <\/style>\n\n\n  <!-- BREADCRUMB BAR - sits above everything -->\n  <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-breadcrumb-bar\">\n    <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-container\">\n      <nav class=\"ols-aqa312eq-breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\">\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/\">Revision Notes<\/a> \/\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/\">A Level Chemistry<\/a> \/\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/\">AQA<\/a> \/\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/\">3.1.2 Amount of Substance<\/a> \/\n        <span>Chemical Equations and Reacting Masses<\/span>\n      <\/nav>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- INTRO -->\n  <section class=\"ols-aqa312eq-intro\">\n    <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-intro-inner\">\n        <div>\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-eyebrow\">AQA A Level Chemistry<\/div>\n          <h1>Chemical<br>Equations &#038;<br>Reacting Masses<\/h1>\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-accent-bar\"><\/div>\n          <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-intro-lead\">This AQA 3.1.2 section focuses on using balanced equations quantitatively. These pages cover writing chemical equations, ionic equations and using reacting masses with mole ratios from balanced equations.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-grid\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-label\">Exam Papers<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-value\">Paper 1 &#038; 2<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-sub\">7405\/1 and 7405\/2<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-label\">Specification Point<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-value\">3.1.2.5<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-sub\">Balanced equations and associated calculations<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-label\">Topic Parts<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-value\">3 parts<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-sub\">Revision notes available<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-label\">Exam Board<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-value\">AQA<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-info-card-sub\">AQA 7405<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <!-- TOPIC CARDS -->\n  <section class=\"ols-aqa312eq-topics\">\n    <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-section-header\">\n        <h2 class=\"ols-aqa312eq-section-title\">Revision Notes<\/h2>\n        <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-section-sub\">Work through each page in a structured AQA sequence.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-cards-grid\">\n        <a class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card ols-aqa312eq-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/writing-chemical-equations\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual ols-aqa312eq-visual--blue\">\n              <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-kicker\">Balanced equations<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-main\">Writing<br>Equations<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>A + B \u2192 C<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-num\">1<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-status ols-aqa312eq-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-title\">Writing Chemical Equations<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-desc\">Writing balanced full chemical equations for reactions studied and unfamiliar reactions where reactants and products are specified.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card ols-aqa312eq-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/ionic-equations\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual ols-aqa312eq-visual--green\">\n              <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-kicker\">Full and ionic<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-main\">Ionic<br>Equations<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>ions only<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-num\">2<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-status ols-aqa312eq-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-title\">Ionic Equations<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-desc\">Writing ionic equations by removing spectator ions and representing the species that change during a reaction.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card ols-aqa312eq-card--available\" href=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/revision-notes\/a-level-chemistry\/aqa\/3-1-2-amount-of-substance\/chemical-equations-and-reacting-masses\/calculations-using-reacting-masses\/\">\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-img-wrap\">\n            <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual ols-aqa312eq-visual--orange\">\n              <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-panel\">\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-kicker\">Stoichiometry<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-visual-main\">Reacting<br>Masses<\/div>\n                <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-config-line\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>n \u2194 m<\/span><\/div>\n              <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-num\">3<\/div>\n            <span class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-status ols-aqa312eq-card-status--available\">Available<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-body\">\n            <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-title\">Calculations Using Reacting Masses<\/p>\n            <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-desc\">Using balanced equations, amount of substance and molar ratios to calculate masses in chemical reactions.<\/p>\n            <span class=\"ols-aqa312eq-card-cta\">\n              Start revising\n              <svg viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M3 8h10M9 4l4 4-4 4\"><\/path><\/svg>\n            <\/span>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n  <!-- SPECIFICATION -->\n  <section class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-section\">\n    <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-container\">\n      <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-desktop\">\n        <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-wrap\">\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-pill\">Specification Coverage<\/div>\n          <h2 class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-heading\">3.1.2.5 Balanced Equations and Associated Calculations &#8211; AQA A Level Chemistry<\/h2>\n          <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-intro-text\">The following AQA specification wording is covered across the Chemical Equations and Reacting Masses pages.<\/p>\n          <h3 class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-group-title\">3.1.2.5 Balanced equations and associated calculations<\/h3>\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-rows\">\n<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-row ols-aqa312eq-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-code\">3.1.2.5<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-text\"><strong>Balanced equations and associated calculations<\/strong><br>Equations (full and ionic).<br>Percentage atom economy is: molecular mass of desired product \/ sum of molecular masses of all reactants x 100<br>Economic, ethical and environmental advantages for society and for industry of developing chemical processes with a high atom economy.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-row ols-aqa312eq-spec-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-code ols-aqa312eq-spec-code--mid\">Skills<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-text\">Students should be able to:<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-list\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-code\">1<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-text\">write balanced equations for reactions studied<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-code\">2<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-text\">balance equations for unfamiliar reactions when reactants and products are specified.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-row ols-aqa312eq-spec-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-code\">Calcs<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-text\">Students should be able to use balanced equations to calculate:<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-list\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-code\">1<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-text\">masses<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-code\">2<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-text\">volumes of gases<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-code\">3<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-text\">percentage yields<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-code\">4<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-text\">percentage atom economies<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-code\">5<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-sub-text\">concentrations and volumes for reactions in solutions.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mobile\">\n        <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-wrap\">\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-pill\">Specification Coverage<\/div>\n          <h2 class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-heading\">3.1.2.5 Balanced Equations and Associated Calculations &#8211; AQA A Level Chemistry<\/h2>\n          <p class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-intro-text\">The following AQA specification wording is covered across the Chemical Equations and Reacting Masses pages.<\/p>\n          <h3 class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-group-title\">3.1.2.5 Balanced equations and associated calculations<\/h3>\n          <div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-rows\">\n<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-code\">3.1.2.5<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-text\"><strong>Balanced equations and associated calculations<\/strong><br>Equations (full and ionic).<br>Percentage atom economy is: molecular mass of desired product \/ sum of molecular masses of all reactants x 100<br>Economic, ethical and environmental advantages for society and for industry of developing chemical processes with a high atom economy.<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row--mid\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-code ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-code--mid\">Skills<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-text\">Students should be able to:<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-list\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-code\">1<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-text\">write balanced equations for reactions studied<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-code\">2<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-text\">balance equations for unfamiliar reactions when reactants and products are specified.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-row--light\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-code\">Calcs<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-text\">Students should be able to use balanced equations to calculate:<div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-list\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-code\">1<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-text\">masses<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-code\">2<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-text\">volumes of gases<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-code\">3<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-text\">percentage yields<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-code\">4<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-text\">percentage atom economies<\/div><\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-row\"><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-code\">5<\/div><div class=\"ols-aqa312eq-spec-mob-sub-text\">concentrations and volumes for reactions in solutions.<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n      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Notes \/ A Level Chemistry \/ AQA \/ 3.1.2 Amount of Substance \/ Chemical Equations and Reacting Masses AQA A Level Chemistry ChemicalEquations &#038;Reacting Masses This AQA 3.1.2 section focuses on using balanced equations quantitatively. These pages cover writing chemical equations, ionic equations and using reacting masses with mole ratios from balanced equations. 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