{"id":713,"date":"2026-01-01T00:00:04","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T00:00:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/product\/covalent-bonding-shapes-of-molecules-edexcel-t3b-c\/"},"modified":"2026-06-24T07:32:16","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T06:32:16","slug":"covalent-bonding-shapes-of-molecules-edexcel-t3b-c","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/product\/covalent-bonding-shapes-of-molecules-edexcel-t3b-c\/","title":{"rendered":"Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules &#8211; Topic 3B\/3C"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ols-course-overview-topic-3bc\" style=\"max-width: 1100px; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Poppins, Arial, sans-serif; color: #1f2937; line-height: 1.7;\">\n<p><!-- INTRO BANNER --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #eef2f7 100%); padding: 36px; border-radius: 20px; margin: 0 0 22px 0; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\">\n<h1 style=\"margin: 0 0 14px 0; font-size: 34px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.15; color: #1c244b; text-shadow: -9px 0 9px rgba(28,36,75,0.35);\">Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules &#8211; Topic 3B\/C<\/h1>\n<div style=\"width: 88px; height: 5px; background: #c81e1e; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 18px 0;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">The Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules Topic 3B\/C Edexcel International A Level Chemistry course provides approximately <strong>13 Hours of Guided Learning<\/strong>. Students work through guided video teaching, auto-marked MCQ practice, teacher-marked short-answer questions, and a specification assignment with a personalised progress report.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- STATS STRIP --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg, #c81e1e 0%, #a91515 100%); padding: 18px; border-radius: 18px; margin: 0 0 34px 0; box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(200,30,30,0.18);\">\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 14px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; min-width: 180px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18); border-radius: 14px; padding: 14px 16px; color: #ffffff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.5px; opacity: 0.88;\">Guided Learning<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">13 Hours<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; min-width: 180px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18); border-radius: 14px; padding: 14px 16px; color: #ffffff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.5px; opacity: 0.88;\">Video Lessons<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">281 mins<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; min-width: 180px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18); border-radius: 14px; padding: 14px 16px; color: #ffffff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.5px; opacity: 0.88;\">MCQ Assessments<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">37 Marks<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 200px; min-width: 180px; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.18); border-radius: 14px; padding: 14px 16px; color: #ffffff;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.5px; opacity: 0.88;\">SAQ Assessments<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.2;\">169 Marks<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- VIRTUAL LESSON --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #f3f4f6; padding: 30px; border-radius: 18px; margin: 0 0 28px 0; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\">\n<div style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ffffff; color: #c81e1e; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 14px 0;\">Guided Video Teaching<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 18px 0; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; color: #1c244b; text-shadow: -9px 0 9px rgba(28,36,75,0.35); border-left: 6px solid #c81e1e; padding-left: 14px;\">Virtual Lesson<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 16px 0; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">The recorded lessons teach the key chemistry and the exam technique needed to apply it accurately.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 22px 0; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">Students pause during exam-practice sections, attempt questions independently, then review the worked explanations and mark scheme approach.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; padding: 14px; border-radius: 14px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"position: relative; width: 100%; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 10px;\"><iframe style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; border: 0; border-radius: 10px;\" title=\"Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules Topic 3B\/C Edexcel International A Level Chemistry Virtual Lesson\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Fu_PA7Ec6Fk\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- ASSIGNMENT REPORT --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #f3f4f6; padding: 30px; border-radius: 18px; margin: 0 0 34px 0; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\">\n<div style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ffffff; color: #c81e1e; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 14px 0;\">Specialist Marking<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 18px 0; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; color: #1c244b; text-shadow: -9px 0 9px rgba(28,36,75,0.35); border-left: 6px solid #c81e1e; padding-left: 14px;\">Assignment &amp; Progress Report<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 16px 0; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">The 44-mark assignment assesses the full Topic 3B\/C specification, including covalent bonding, dot-and-cross diagrams, giant covalent structures, electronegativity, polarity, and molecular shapes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 22px 0; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">After marking, students receive a colour-coded progress report showing secure areas, partial understanding, and specification points requiring further revision.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2545 aligncenter\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 480px; height: auto; border-radius: 14px; margin: 0 auto; box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);\" title=\"A Level Chemistry Progress Report Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules Specification Feedback\" src=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/a-level-chemistry-progress-report-covalent-bonding-shapes-of-molecules-spec-feedback.jpg\" alt=\"A Level Chemistry progress report showing student performance in covalent bonding and shapes of molecules with colour coded specification levels\" width=\"830\" height=\"1174\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- MCQ --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #f3f4f6; padding: 30px; border-radius: 18px; margin: 0 0 28px 0; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\">\n<div style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ffffff; color: #c81e1e; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 14px 0;\">Instant Feedback<\/div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 18px 0; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; color: #1c244b; text-shadow: -9px 0 9px rgba(28,36,75,0.35); border-left: 6px solid #c81e1e; padding-left: 14px;\">Multiple Choice Question Assessments<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 16px 0; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">Four auto-marked MCQ quizzes provide 37 marks of targeted practice across Topic 3B\/C.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 22px 0; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">Each option includes diagnostic feedback, so students can see why the correct answer is right and why each incorrect option loses marks.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; border-radius: 14px; padding: 16px; margin: 0 0 22px 0;\">\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 130px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">MCQ A<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">10<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 130px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">MCQ B<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">10<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 130px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">MCQ C<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">10<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 130px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 12px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">MCQ D<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">7<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2532\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 700px; height: auto; border-radius: 14px; margin: 0 auto; box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);\" title=\"A Level Chemistry VSEPR MCQ Identifying Non Tetrahedral Species ICl4\" src=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/a-level-chemistry-vsepr-mcq-tetrahedral-shape-icl4-question.webp\" alt=\"A Level Chemistry multiple choice question asking which species is not tetrahedral with ICl4 minus identified as square planar using VSEPR theory\" width=\"870\" height=\"779\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- SAQ --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #f3f4f6; padding: 30px; border-radius: 18px; margin: 0 0 28px 0; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\">\n<div style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ffffff; color: #c81e1e; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 14px 0;\">Detailed Written Feedback<\/div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 18px 0; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; color: #1c244b; text-shadow: -9px 0 9px rgba(28,36,75,0.35); border-left: 6px solid #c81e1e; padding-left: 14px;\">Short Answer Question Assessments<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 16px 0; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">Seven teacher-marked short-answer quizzes provide 169 marks of written exam practice across Topic 3B\/C.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 16px 0; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">Students may attempt all SAQ quizzes. A maximum of two SAQ quizzes can be submitted per week, and each submission is marked by a real chemistry teacher within three working days.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 22px 0; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">Feedback identifies what was correct, what was missing, and how to improve exam-standard written responses.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; border-radius: 14px; padding: 16px; margin: 0 0 22px 0;\">\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 95px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">SAQ A<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">19<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 95px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">SAQ B<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">30<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 95px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">SAQ C<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">26<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 95px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">SAQ D<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">19<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 95px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">SAQ E<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">28<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 95px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">SAQ F<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">17<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1 1 95px; background: #fff7f7; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; border-radius: 12px; padding: 10px; text-align: center;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.4px;\">SAQ G<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; color: #c81e1e; line-height: 1.2;\">30<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; color: #6b7280;\">marks available<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2533\" style=\"display: block; width: 100%; max-width: 700px; height: auto; border-radius: 14px; margin: 0 auto; box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);\" title=\"A Level Chemistry Structure and Bonding SAQ Feedback Silicon vs Phosphorus Melting Point\" src=\"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/a-level-chemistry-structure-bonding-saq-silicon-vs-phosphorus-melting-point-feedback.webp\" alt=\"A Level Chemistry short answer feedback explaining why silicon has a higher melting point than phosphorus comparing giant covalent structure and simple molecular structure\" width=\"931\" height=\"840\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- SPECIFICATION DESKTOP --><\/p>\n<div class=\"ols-spec-desktop-version\" style=\"background: #f3f4f6; padding: 30px; border-radius: 18px; margin: 0 0 28px 0; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\">\n<div style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ffffff; color: #c81e1e; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 14px 0;\">Exam Board Alignment<\/div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 18px 0; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; color: #1c244b; text-shadow: -9px 0 9px rgba(28,36,75,0.35); border-left: 6px solid #c81e1e; padding-left: 14px;\"><a style=\"color: #1c244b; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/qualifications.pearson.com\/en\/qualifications\/edexcel-international-advanced-levels\/chemistry-2018.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules Topic 3B\/C Edexcel International<\/a><\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 18px 0; font-size: 19px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">This course covers the following Edexcel International A Level Chemistry specification points:<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px;\">\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #fff5f5; border: 1px solid #efcaca; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #b91c1c; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.10<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151; margin: 0 0 12px 0;\">understand that covalent bonding is the strong electrostatic attraction between two nuclei and the shared pair of electrons between them, based on the evidence:<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 70px; background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 12px 10px;\">i<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 12px 16px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">the physical properties of giant atomic structures<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 70px; background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 12px 10px;\">ii<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 12px 16px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">electron density maps for simple molecules<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #fff5f5; border: 1px solid #efcaca; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #b91c1c; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.11<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151; margin: 0 0 12px 0;\">be able to draw dot-and-cross diagrams to show electrons in covalent substances, including:<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 70px; background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 12px 10px;\">i<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 12px 16px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">molecules with single, double and triple bonds<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 70px; background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 12px 10px;\">ii<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 12px 16px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">species with dative covalent (coordinate) bonds, including Al\u2082Cl\u2086 and the ammonium ion<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.12<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">be able to describe the different structures formed by giant lattices of carbon atoms, including graphite, diamond and graphene, and discuss the applications of each<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.13<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">understand the meaning of the term \u2018electronegativity\u2019 as applied to atoms in a covalent bond<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.14<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">know that ionic and covalent bonding are the extremes of a continuum of bonding type and be able to explain this in terms of electronegativity differences, leading to bond polarity in bonds and molecules, and to ionic bonding if the electronegativity is large enough<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.15<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">be able to distinguish between polar bonds and polar molecules and predict whether or not a given molecule is likely to be polar<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #f0f9ff; border: 1px solid #bae6fd; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #0369a1; color: #ffffff; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px; text-align: center;\">Practical<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">Further suggested practical: Determine the effect of an electrostatic force on jets of liquids (water, ethanol and cyclohexane) and use the results to determine whether the molecules are polar or non-polar<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.16<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">understand the principles of the electron-pair repulsion theory, used to interpret and predict the shapes of simple molecules and ions<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.17<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">understand the terms \u2018bond length\u2019 and \u2018bond angle\u2019<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.18<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">know and be able to explain the shapes of, and bond angles in, BeCl\u2082, BCl\u2083, CH\u2084, NH\u2083, NH\u2084\u207a, H\u2082O, CO\u2082, gaseous PCl\u2085, SF\u2086 and C\u2082H\u2084<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: stretch; background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"flex: 0 0 90px; background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 18px 12px;\">3.19<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex: 1; padding: 16px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">be able to apply the electron-pair repulsion theory to predict the shapes of, and bond angles in, molecules and ions analogous to those in 3.18<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- SPECIFICATION MOBILE --><\/p>\n<div class=\"ols-spec-mobile-version\" style=\"max-width: 1100px; margin: 0 auto 28px auto; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #1f2937; line-height: 1.7;\">\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fff7f7 0%, #fef2f2 100%); border: 1px solid #f3d6d6; border-radius: 22px; padding: 26px; box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);\">\n<div style=\"margin: 0 0 22px 0;\">\n<div style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ffffff; color: #c81e1e; border: 1px solid #f1d2d2; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 14px 0;\">Specification Coverage<\/div>\n<h2 style=\"margin: 0 0 12px 0; font-size: 34px; line-height: 1.2; color: #111827;\">Students will be assessed on their ability to:<\/h2>\n<div style=\"width: 88px; height: 5px; background: #c81e1e; border-radius: 999px; margin: 0 0 16px 0;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">The following specification points outline the knowledge and skills students are expected to demonstrate.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px;\">\n<div style=\"background: #fff5f5; border: 1px solid #efcaca; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #b91c1c; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.10<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151; margin: 0 0 12px 0;\">understand that covalent bonding is the strong electrostatic attraction between two nuclei and the shared pair of electrons between them, based on the evidence:<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 30px; line-height: 30px;\">i<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 14px 16px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">the physical properties of giant atomic structures<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 30px; line-height: 30px;\">ii<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 14px 16px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">electron density maps for simple molecules<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #fff5f5; border: 1px solid #efcaca; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #b91c1c; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.11<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151; margin: 0 0 12px 0;\">be able to draw dot-and-cross diagrams to show electrons in covalent substances, including:<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px;\">\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 30px; line-height: 30px;\">i<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 14px 16px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">molecules with single, double and triple bonds<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #f1d5d5; border-radius: 12px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background: #fca5a5; color: #7f1d1d; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 30px; line-height: 30px;\">ii<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 14px 16px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; color: #4b5563;\">species with dative covalent (coordinate) bonds, including Al2Cl6 and the ammonium ion<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.12<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">be able to describe the different structures formed by giant lattices of carbon atoms, including graphite, diamond and graphene, and discuss the applications of each<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.13<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">understand the meaning of the term \u2018electronegativity\u2019 as applied to atoms in a covalent bond<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.14<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">know that ionic and covalent bonding are the extremes of a continuum of bonding type and be able to explain this in terms of electronegativity differences, leading to bond polarity in bonds and molecules, and to ionic bonding if the electronegativity is large enough<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.15<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">be able to distinguish between polar bonds and polar molecules and predict whether or not a given molecule is likely to be polar<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.16<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">understand the principles of the electron-pair repulsion theory, used to interpret and predict the shapes of simple molecules and ions<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.17<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">understand the terms \u2018bond length\u2019 and \u2018bond angle\u2019<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.18<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">know and be able to explain the shapes of, and bond angles in, BeCl2, BCl3, CH4, NH3, NH4+, H2O, CO2, gaseous PCl5, SF6 and C2H4<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ead4d4; border-radius: 16px; overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n<div style=\"background: #c81e1e; color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; height: 34px; line-height: 34px;\">3.19<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 18px 20px; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.8; color: #374151;\">be able to apply the electron-pair repulsion theory to predict the shapes of, and bond angles in, molecules and ions analogous to those in 3.18<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- CTA --><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg, #c81e1e 0%, #a91515 100%); padding: 30px; border-radius: 20px; margin: 0 0 12px 0; color: #ffffff; box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(200,30,30,0.22);\">\n<div style=\"font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0.5px; text-transform: uppercase; opacity: 0.9; margin: 0 0 10px 0;\">Complete Topic Package<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin: 0 0 12px 0; font-size: 30px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; color: #ffffff; text-shadow: -9px 0 9px rgba(28,36,75,0.35);\">Learn the content, practise exam questions, and identify exactly where marks are being lost.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 18px 0; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.8; color: #fef2f2;\">This course combines guided video teaching, diagnostic MCQs, teacher-marked written assessment, and detailed specification reporting for Edexcel International A Level Chemistry.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: inline-block; background: #ffffff; color: #c81e1e; font-weight: bold; font-size: 15px; padding: 12px 18px; border-radius: 999px;\">Exam-focused learning with clear performance feedback<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules &#8211; Topic 3B\/C The Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules Topic 3B\/C Edexcel International A Level Chemistry course provides approximately 13 Hours of Guided Learning. Students work through guided video teaching, auto-marked MCQ practice, teacher-marked short-answer questions, and a specification assignment with a personalised progress report. Guided Learning 13 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2951,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[308],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-713","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-edexcel-international-a-level-chemistry","first","outofstock","virtual","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=713"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=713"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=713"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onlinelearningsystem.net\/xyz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}