Topic 4
States of Matter
Topic 4 covers the gaseous state, the ideal gas equation, and the lattice structures of crystalline solids: giant ionic, simple molecular, giant molecular and giant metallic, and how structure and bonding decide melting point, conductivity and solubility.
These pages cover the gaseous state (4.1) and the lattice structures (4.2).
Revision Notes
4 revision notes, in the order the specification teaches them.
4.1 The Gaseous State
The origin of gas pressure, the ideal gas model and pV = nRT, including finding Mᵣ (4.1.1 to 4.1.3).
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4.2 Structure Types
Giant ionic, giant metallic, giant molecular and simple molecular lattices compared, and deducing structure and bonding from properties (4.2.1 to 4.2.3).
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4.2 Simple Molecular Structures
Iodine, buckminsterfullerene and ice: separate molecules held by weak intermolecular forces (4.2.1(b)).
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4.2 Giant Covalent Structures
Silicon(IV) oxide, graphite and diamond (4.2.1(c)), on the Topic 3 covalent bonding pages.
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Structure Types Map
Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry · 4.2 Giant and simple lattices · Structure types
The whole section on one A4 page: diamond, graphite, silicon(IV) oxide and C₆₀, the four kinds of lattice, and how to deduce a structure.
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4.1.1
- 4.1.1
explain the origin of pressure in a gas in terms of collisions between gas molecules and the wall of the container
Revise
4.1.2
4.1.3
4.2.1
- a i
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is giant ionic, including sodium chloride
Revise - a ii
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is giant ionic, including magnesium oxide
Revise - b i
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is simple molecular, including iodine
Revise - b ii
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is simple molecular, including buckminsterfullerene C60
Revise - b iii
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is simple molecular, including ice
Revise - c i
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is giant molecular, including silicon(IV) oxide
Revise - c ii
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is giant molecular, including graphite
Revise - c iii
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is giant molecular, including diamond
Revise - d
describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is giant metallic, including copper
Revise
4.2.2
- a
describe, interpret and predict the effect of different types of structure and bonding on the melting point of substances
Revise - b
describe, interpret and predict the effect of different types of structure and bonding on the boiling point of substances
Revise - c
describe, interpret and predict the effect of different types of structure and bonding on the electrical conductivity of substances
Revise - d
describe, interpret and predict the effect of different types of structure and bonding on the solubility of substances
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4.2.3
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